- Title
- Incidence and prevalence of self-reported non-coeliac wheat sensitivity and gluten avoidance in Australia
- Creator
- Potter, Michael D. E.; Jones, Michael P.; Walker, Marjorie M.; Koloski, Natasha A.; Keely, Simon; Holtmann, Gerald; Talley AC, Nicholas J.
- Relation
- Medical Journal of Australia Vol. 212, Issue 3, p. 126-131
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja2.50458
- Publisher
- John Wiley & Sons
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2020
- Description
- Objectives: To determine the incidence of self-reported non-coeliac wheat sensitivity (SR-NCWS) and factors associated with its onset and resolution; to describe the prevalence of factors associated with gluten avoidance. Design: Longitudinal cohort study; analysis of responses to self-administered validated questionnaires (Digestive Health and Wellbeing surveys, 2015 and 2018). Setting, participants: Subset of an adult population sample randomly selected in 2015 from the electoral rolls for the Newcastle and Gosford regions of New South Wales. Main outcome measures: Prevalence of SR-NCWS (2015, 2018) and incidence and resolution of SR-NCWS, each by demographic and medical factors; prevalence of gluten avoidance and reasons for gluten avoidance (2018). Results: 1322 of 2185 eligible participants completed the 2018 survey (response rate, 60.5%). The prevalence of SR-NCWS was similar in 2015 (13.8%; 95% CI, 12.0–15.8%) and 2018 (13.9%; 95% CI, 12.1–15.9%); 69 of 1301 respondents (5.3%) reported developing new onset (incident) SR-NCWS between 2015 and 2018 (incidence, 1.8% per year). Incident SR-NCWS was significantly associated with a diagnosis of functional dyspepsia, and negatively associated with being male or older. Gluten avoidance was reported in 2018 by 24.2% of respondents (20.5% partial, 3.8% complete avoidance); general health was the most frequent reason for avoidance (168 of 316 avoiders, 53%). All 13 participants with coeliac disease, 56 of 138 with irritable bowel syndrome (41%), and 69 of 237 with functional dyspepsia (29%) avoided dietary gluten. Conclusions: The prevalence of SR-NCWS was similar in 2015 and 2018. Baseline (2015) and incident SR-NCWS (2018) were each associated with functional gastrointestinal disorders. The number of people avoiding dietary gluten exceeds that of people with coeliac disease or SR-NCWS, and general health considerations and abdominal symptoms are the most frequently reported reasons for avoidance.
- Subject
- adult; celiac disease; wheat hypersensitivity; diet
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1436405
- Identifier
- uon:40013
- Identifier
- ISSN:0025-729X
- Language
- eng
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